BOT 202
Plant Biology
Independent Study
Portfolio #1: Plant Tissues and Primary Growth
Portfolio #2: Transport Processes
Portfolio #3: Leaves
Portfolio #4: Roots
Portfolio #5: Secondary Growth
Portfolio #6: Kingdom Fungi
Portfolio #7: Kingdom Protista
Portfolio #8: Kingdom Plantae: Non-vascular plants
Portfolio #9: Kingdom Plantae: Vascular, Seedless Plants
Portfolio #10: Kingdom Plantae: Seed Plants
For part 1, use any fresh plant material you have available, such as house plants or cuttings from
outside. Monocots are generally recognizable by the parallel veins in the leaves and dicots can be
recognized by the branching leaf veins. For part 2, use the Internet images of Helianthus
(sunflower). For part 3, use the Internet images of Zea (corn). Both Helianthus and
Zea stem cross-sections can be found under Herbaceous Stems. Use your text book to
complete Table 1 in part 4.
Individualized Study students will not complete this assignment.
For parts 1 and 2, use any fresh leaves available to you. For part 3, use the Internet image of a
Ligustrum (dicot) leaf. You will also want to examine the images of Nerium, Cluvia
and Pinus to see examples of variation in leaf anatomy. No monocot leaf section is available
at this time. Skip part 5.
For part 1, use any fresh roots you have available. A good way to get a good look at roots is to
germinate a few seeds, such as radish, between layers of damp paper towels. For part 2, use the
Internet image of Raphanus (radish), whole mount and Zea (corn), longitudinal
section. Skip part 3. For part 4, use the Internet images of Ranunculus (Buttercup), both
young and mature. For part 5, use the Internet images of Smilax roots. For part 6, use the
Internet image titled Lateral root origin. All of these images can be found under the roots
heading.
For part 1, use the Internet image of Tilia stem found under Woody Stems. For part 3, look at any
wood rounds or tree stumps you have available. For part 4, use the Internet images of Pinus and
Quercus (Oak) wood in all three sections, x-sec., tangential sec., and radial sec.
For parts 1 and 2, use the Internet image Zygomycotina, Rhizopus. For part 3, look at the
images of lichens labeled Crustose Lichen, Ascocarp, and Fruticose Lichen. Use the image of
Ascomycotina, Peziza ascocarp to see a cross-section of lichen tissue for part 5. For part 6,
use a mushroom from the grocery store. For part 7, use the Internet image of Coprinus gills,
Basidiomycotina.
Algae are much less interesting to look at dead than alive. The illustrations in your text book are
better than my slides for the algae, but I have put a few on the Internet that you can look at.
Included are: part 1, Euglena; part 3, Diatoms; part 4, Volvox; part 6,
Oedogonium; and part 7, Spirogyra. You will need to use your text book for parts
8, 9, and 10.
The images for this assignment are all found under the heading Non-vascular plants (Mosses,
Liverworts). For part 1, use the Internet image labeled Moss protonema. For part 2, use the image
Moss gametophytes and sporophytes. For part 3, use Moss antheridia and Moss archegonia. For
part 4, use Moss capsule. For part 5, use Marchantia thallus. For part 6, use
Marchantia archegonia and Marchantia antheridia. There is no image available at
this time for part 7.
Images are not yet available for this lab.
Images are not yet available for this lab.
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202 Plant Biology Course Description